‘Why farmers need to continue increasing their yields’

According to Max Roser’s research, the use of land for agriculture has historically been the main driver of biodiversity loss worldwide. Over the past 10,000 years, agricultural expansion has transformed vast swathes of wilderness into croplands and pasture. Today, nearly half of the world’s habitable land is utilized for agricultural purposes, totaling approximately 48 million square kilometers—an area roughly five times the size of the United States.

From one to three and a half tonnes wheat per hectare

Despite remarkable progress in increasing land productivity over the past six decades, with wheat yields, for example, soaring from one to three and a half tonnes per hectare, significant challenges remain. Agricultural land use continues to expand in some regions, posing a threat to wildlife habitats and biodiversity.

Research on ‘yield gaps’ reveals that more can be done to maximize crop production efficiency. Yield gaps represent the disparity between current yields and the potential yields achievable with existing crops, technologies, and (precision) farming practices. Closing these gaps requires concerted efforts to adopt technologies such as irrigation, fertilizers, and improved seeds, alongside political and financial reforms to support farmers and facilitate market access.

Shifting towards plant-based diets

Furthermore, addressing consumption patterns is paramount. The vast majority of agricultural land is dedicated to meat and dairy production, despite these products contributing only a fraction of the world’s protein and calorie supply. Shifting towards plant-based diets could reduce global land use for agriculture by as much as 75%, freeing up land for wildlife conservation and ecosystem restoration.

Up to 56% increase in global food demand

In light of projections indicating a 35% to 56% increase in global food demand by mid-century, the importance of agricultural productivity cannot be overstated. Humanity stands at a pivotal moment in history, where the pursuit of increased production per hectare is not only essential for feeding a growing population but also for safeguarding the planet’s biodiversity and ecosystems.

By leveraging technological advancements, adopting sustainable farming practices, and promoting dietary shifts towards plant-based foods, farmers can play a pivotal role in achieving a future where food security is ensured, and nature flourishes once more.

In summary, the journey towards greater agricultural productivity is far from over. It is a journey fraught with challenges, yet brimming with opportunities to create a more resilient and sustainable food system for generations to come.